Where to feast on Japan's regional flavors -- without leaving Tokyo

This article is part of a collaboration between Nikkei Asia and FT Globetrotter, showcasing the best journalism from Nikkei Asia writers about cities across the region. You can read more from Globetrotter here.

Japan is a country of more than 6,800 islands, split across 47 prefectures and traditionally divided into eight regions. From chilly Hokkaido in the north to balmy Kyushu and Okinawa in the south, just about every corner of the country has a culinary specialty.

Regional cuisine, or kyodo ryori in Japanese, plays an important role in luring tourists to Japan's far-flung destinations. These dishes often carry a deeper significance too, entwined with geography and history.

Japan has a "climatic variety and biodiversity that have given rise to localities with unique characteristics," says Roberto Maxwell, a geographer and expert on Japanese culture and gastronomy. "The differences in climate throughout the year and the environment of each place have led to different uses of the same ingredients, or the development of unique techniques."

Those without the time or the yen to eat their way across the country are in luck: Many regional flavors can be sampled in Tokyo. Here is a nowhere near exhaustive list of where to find excellent food from all of Japan's regions -- or close approximations of it -- in the capital.

Soup curry at Rojiura Curry Samurai (Hokkaido)

2-27-2 Kichijoji Honcho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-0004

Good for: Veggies cooked individually to maximize the flavor
Not so good for: Those with a low tolerance for spices, though you can choose the level of heat
FYI: Go early, especially for lunch, or you'll have to wait and might even be turned away
Website; Directions

Each order of "soup curry" at Rojiura Curry Samurai contains up to 20 different vegetables. The Kichijoji branch of the Rojiura Curry Samurai chain is the biggest in Tokyo.

Hokkaido, Japan's northernmost main island and region, is renowned for its high-quality seafood. But during the long winters, "soup curry" fills the craving for soul food.

The British, who had adopted curry from India, introduced it to Japan during the Meiji era (1868-1912). Today, curry is a staple of Japanese cooking -- typically meat and potatoes boiled in a thick, roux-based stew. Lighter but no less satisfying, Hokkaido's version is a soup filled with spices and a broader array of vegetables.

The widely accepted story traces the dish to a Sapporo cafe in the 1970s, and now the island is dotted with soup curry joints. One that has branched out is Rojiura Curry Samurai, a chain with a few locations in Greater Tokyo.

The biggest of these is in Kichijoji, a shopping and residential district. Wooden beams and exposed light bulbs give the eatery a casual, homely atmosphere. Rojiura Curry Samurai is not laid-back about the food, however: A big selling point is its commitment to cooking up to 20 (count them) vegetables individually with each order to let the flavor of each one shine. This meticulous preparation can be tasted in every bite.

Rustic noodles at Itasoba Kaoriya (Tohoku)

Century Park Building 1F, 4-3-10 Ebisu, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0013

Good for: A country vibe in the metropolis
Not so good for: Big, boisterous groups
FYI: You can choose between thin or thick, Tohoku-style noodles. Try the latter, which you're less likely to find elsewhere
Website; Directions

Buckwheat noodles at Itasoba Kaoriya are served on an ita, a traditional wooden board. The restaurant has a soothing rustic vibe.

Soba noodles are often tied up with traditions and superstitions in Japan. At New Year's, the custom is to eat a bowl of long buckwheat noodles, which is said to symbolize a lengthy and happy life.

In the countryside of Yamagata prefecture in the northeast, another tradition is to share soba noodles from a wooden tray. This is known as itasoba -- ita meaning "board" -- and the act of sharing was said to strengthen relationships in farming communities.

As the noodles at the bottom tend to adhere to the wood -- unlike the bamboo colanders typically used for soba -- others posit a lucky connection with the phrase ita ni tsuku, literally "stick to the board." The idiom, likely derived from stage acting, describes when someone starts a new endeavor, hones their skills and grows comfortable.

Whatever the meaning, the restaurant Itasoba Kaoriya serves noodles on a board with flair.

Kaoriya brings a rural sensibility to Tokyo's upscale Ebisu district with its liberal use of wood, including long tables fashioned out of heavy slabs. In normal times, these recreate a community atmosphere, though this is diminished by clear plastic barriers used as a COVID-19 precaution.

Just as you would find in Yamagata, the soba is served on an ita. The rustic feel extends to the noodles themselves, which are made from buckwheat milled with the husk, giving them a darker brown and deeper flavor than most other soba you'll find. The noodles come with two dips, including a delectable sesame sauce, along with tasty side dishes such as tempura and dashimakitamago -- a rolled omelet cooked in soup stock. Solo diners are, of course, welcome too.

'Edo-mae' sushi at Shutoku Ganso (Kanto)

4-14-16 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045

Good for: High-quality sushi for a reasonable price, with lunch starting at 4,500 yen (about $31)
Not so good for: Unadventurous eaters who might be turned off by, say, a glob of sea urchin atop a slice of raw squid
FYI: The counter fits about 10 customers, so get there before it opens at 11 a.m.
Website; Directions

Shutoku Ganso is a tiny Edo-mae sushi specialist in Tokyo's Tsukiji district. Right: One of the chefs at work at the restaurant.

What the world knows simply as "sushi" traces its origins to Tokyo in the early 19th century, when the city was called Edo. Although sliced fish on bite-size portions of vinegared rice can now be found everywhere from convenience stores to the finest restaurants, some establishments offer a more authentic Edo experience than others.

Back then, the lack of refrigeration gave rise to techniques for preserving fish caught in Tokyo Bay, or Edo-mae -- "in front of Edo." This preparatory work, from marinating to steaming, is one of the key characteristics of Edo-mae sushi. Another is the use of akazu red vinegar for the rice, rather than white-rice vinegar. Made with sake lees, akazu produces darker and more fragrant rice. Then there is the nikiri -- a mixture of soy sauce, sake and mirin gently brushed on the fish before serving. No two restaurants have quite the same nikiri, each bringing its own personality to this final touch.

One place that puts it all together in style is Shutoku Ganso, a hole in the wall in Tsukiji, once home to the famed fish market. Watching the affable chef work his magic is part of the experience. Grated ginger balances on a sardine. A sprinkle of salt accentuates the sweetness of sea urchin. Sudachi citrus zest puts a twist on the sea bass. All of it makes for an unforgettable meal.

Kanazawa 'wagashi' sweets at Morihachi (Chubu)

1-13-3 Kanda Jinbocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0051

Good for: Buying gifts
Not so good for: Chilling out -- it's takeout only
FYI: The fresh wagashi may sell out, but there are plenty of packaged goodies
Website; Directions

Almost too pretty to eat: traditional Kanazawa sweets at Morihachi. Morihachi dates back to the 17th century, when it served samurai nobility.

Traditional Japanese sweets, known collectively as wagashi, come in a variety of shapes, flavors and consistencies. Most are made with plant-based ingredients, resulting in more delicate and less saccharine sensations than Western confections. The elaborate creations of the city of Kanazawa in the Chubu region stand out among them all.

Kanazawa was once an important castle town dominated by the powerful Maeda samurai clan. The arts flourished during the relatively peaceful Edo period (1603-1868), including those of the tea ceremony and wagashi.

The two are closely related. Subtle flavors like red adzuki or white kidney beans -- ground into a paste sweetened with sugar -- prepare the palate for the nutty, savory notes of green tea. Wagashi can also symbolize an occasion, such as cherry blossom-shaped sweets in springtime.

The Kanazawa confectioner Morihachi, which has been in business since 1625, once served the samurai lord Maeda Toshitsune. Passed down from generation to generation, the shop has reached Tokyo, where it sells carefully sculpted bites that are almost too pretty to devour.

Osaka-style 'okonomiyaki' at Kiji (Kansai)

Floor B1, Tokia Building, 2-7-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-6490

Good for: A satisfying lunch
Not so good for: A romantic dinner
FYI: Craving noodles? The modan (modern) pancake includes them
Website; Directions

Kiji is the go-to place for Osaka-style okonomiyaki (savory pancakes made with chopped cabbage). Right: Kiji's branch in Tokyo's Marunouchi district.

One of Japan's great culinary debates is whether Osaka- or Hiroshima-style okonomiyaki is superior. The former is best described as a savory pancake, while the latter is a thin crepe topped with noodles and other ingredients.

We're not here to take sides. But few would deny that Kiji, an Osaka institution awarded Michelin's Bib Gourmand, makes a tasty pancake -- and it has outposts in Tokyo too.

It's nothing fancy: chopped cabbage is mixed into a batter of flour and eggs and cooked on a griddle. As the name suggests -- okonomi means "as you like" and yaki means "grilled" -- the rest is up to you. Choose anything from squid and octopus to pork, even cheese, which isn't often used in Japanese cuisine. Then douse it with sauce and carve it up with a spatula.

With its no-frills decor, Kiji is as down-to-earth as the cuisine it offers. Staff rush to and fro, sliding freshly cooked pancakes on to warmed griddles at each table. For a better look at the art of making okonomiyaki, ask for a seat at the counter by the kitchen.

'Anago meshi' at Nihonbashi Tamai (Chugoku)

2-9-9 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027

Good for: The retro building that dates back to 1953
Not so good for: Those squeamish about eels
FYI: Order the 200 yen pot of eel-bone broth to pour over the last few bites
Website; Directions

Anago meshi -- saltwater conger eel -- on rice at Nihonbashi Tamai. Right: Nihonbashi Tamai's 1950s building.

Miyajima, in the Seto Inland Sea near Hiroshima, was anointed one of Japan's top three scenic spots in the 17th century. The ravages of time and tourism have not robbed it of its magic. The island is best known for the hulking torii gate on the shore, which appears to float at high tide. In town, a cluster of restaurants serve the local delicacy: anago meshi, or conger eel on rice.

Unlike freshwater unagi, classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, saltwater anago was last assessed as being of "least concern." In Tokyo, one of the few restaurants specializing in this less problematic option is Nihonbashi Tamai.

Inside its old wooden shophouse, Tamai serves lacquer boxes of rice topped with simmered or grilled anago, which is softer and less oily than its threatened cousin. The anago is covered with a mildly sweet, caramelized sauce and comes with a variety of toppings, including citrus peel and wasabi.

The restaurant was founded by Edo-mae sushi masters and sources eels from different areas depending on the season, including the Seto Inland Sea.

'Katsuo no tataki' at Myojinmaru (Shikoku)

Fourth floor, Gems Kayabacho building, 1-1-7 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033

Good for: Casual dining in a group
Not so good for: A quiet, intimate meal
FYI: The restaurant says it uses Kochi salt dried "using only the heat of the sun and the power of the natural wind"
Website; Directions

Katsuo no tataki -- seared bonito -- is the house specialty at Myojinmaru, which originated in Kochi prefecture. The bonito is briefly seared on a straw fire to give it a crispy char while leaving it raw on the inside.

Off the crescent-shaped coastline of the sparsely populated Kochi prefecture, in the Shikoku region, many fishermen take pride in a centuries-old method of catching katsuo (bonito) with rods, rather than hauling them from the sea in nets.

They've also perfected the art of cooking bonito: katsuo no tataki. The red fillets are briefly seared on a straw fire that reaches 1,000 C. This creates a crispy char on the outside but leaves the inside raw. The fish is cut into thick slices, sprinkled with salt or soy sauce and served with generous helpings of onions, ginger and garlic.

Kochi-born restaurant Myojinmaru takes its name from a vessel that still plies the waters off Shikoku, according to its website. In Tokyo, it serves katsuo and other Kochi favorites at a branch in a 10-story riverside building devoted to restaurants. A large mural of a fishing boat -- complete with jumping bonito -- and banners emblazoned with the restaurant's name in calligraphy add a touch of character to the modern if slightly sterile decor. The cover of the menu, a photograph of deep-red katsuo no tataki, leaves little doubt about the house specialty.

'Buta no kakuni' at Gohanya Isshin (Kyushu)

Floor B1, Twin Building Daikanyama, 30-3 Sarugakucho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo

Good for: Carefully selected rice, sourced from different production areas each year depending on quality
Not so good for: When you're in a rush
FYI: You'll have to wait in line at lunchtime; reservations are accepted, and essential, for dinner
Website; Directions

Gohanya Isshin is a popular spot for buta no kakuni -- braised pork belly simmered in sake, soy sauce and sugar. At the Daikanyama restaurant, the dish is served in a broth with a boiled egg, onion and mustard.

Buta no kakuni -- braised pork belly simmered in sake, soy sauce and sugar -- can be found in restaurants and homes all over Japan. Nevertheless, the region of Kyushu and the city of Nagasaki consider these morsels of meat to be their forte. The dish is said to have been adopted and adapted from Chinese traders and migrants who came to the area centuries ago.

Isshin, hidden down a flight of stairs in Tokyo's trendy Daikanyama district, serves an exceptional kakuni alongside well-crafted takes on other Japanese pub fare like fried crab-cream croquettes. The kakuni is served in a broth with a boiled egg, onion and a dollop of Japanese mustard.

The interior has a distinctly Japanese feel, with wood flooring, tatami seating and big vats of rice at the front of the open kitchen. It's also a shoes-off kind of place: staff will ask you to leave them at the door, and they'll be neatly arranged for you when you leave.

'Goya chanpuru' at Ryukyu Chinese Tama (Okinawa)

2-3-2 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0002

Good for: Late-night bites
Not so good for: Spreading out, as some tables can feel cramped
FYI: The walls are lined with an extensive wine selection
Website ; Directions

Ryukyu Chinese Dining Tama adds Spam -- introduced to Okinawa during the U.S. postwar occupation of the islands -- to its goya chanpuru. Right: Traditional Okinawan Shisa figures -- said to protect against evil spirits -- at Ryukyu Chinese Tama.

Okinawa and Kyushu are generally considered a single region. But the Okinawan islands boast a cuisine that reflects their unique history.

Japan's southernmost prefecture was once a kingdom, Ryukyu, with its own language and customs. Its location made it a trade hub linking China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula and Southeast Asia, until its annexation into Japanese territory in 1879. After the Second World War, the U.S. controlled the islands until 1972.

This melange of cultures is evident in chanpuru, a stir-fry of tofu, eggs, vegetables and meat. The name comes from the Malay or Indonesian word campur and means "something mixed." A popular version is made with goya, or bitter melon.

Tucked away on a quiet street near teeming Shibuya Station, Ryukyu Chinese Dining Tama serves goya chanpuru with Spam, which was introduced to Okinawa during the American occupation. Dried bonito flakes, sprinkled on top, dance in the steam of the hot mixture, adding a Japanese touch.

This cozy Michelin Bib Gourmand eatery invites you in with its gleaming sign, a glass facade that allows a view of the kitchen and lionlike Okinawan Shisa statuettes said to ward off evil spirits. Inside, you'll find numerous other specialties from the islands, such as Okinawa soba, as well as dishes from China -- a tribute to the friendly owner-chef's Okinawan mother and Chinese father.